Household Tips

ALTERNATIVES FOR HOUSEHOLD CLEANING SOLUTIONS

The improper disposal of household chemicals can be hazardous to people and their environment. While one home's pollution may be small, the effect of many can be significant. Each month an average community of 158,000 people discards 6 tons of toilet bowl cleaner, 22 tons of liquid household cleaner and 5.5 tons of motor oil. Landfills, storm drains and sewage treatment plants are not designed to treat chemical wastes. Without special treatment, the chemicals stay in the environment and move into recreational and drinking water supplies. Everyone must help to solve this problem. Here's some safer and less hazardous alternatives to chemicals. Call (313) 923-2240 for the latest information.

HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS

-Furniture Polish:
Equal parts mineral oil and lemon oil or:
Equal parts mineral oil and Murphy's Oil Soap.

-Wood:
2 T. olive oil, 1 T. white vinegar in 1 qt. warm water. Spray, then dry with soft cloth.

- Upholstered:
6 T. soap flakes, 1 pt. boiling water, 2 T. borax.

- Leather:
Murphy's Oil Soap.
Floors:

- Cleaner:
1/4 c. white vinegar, 1/4 c. washing soda (sodium carbonate) in 1 gal. warm water.

- Painted Wood:
1 T. washing soda in 1 gal. warm water.
Vinyl, Natural Wood:
Murphy's Oil Soap.

- Wax Remover:
3 T. washing soda in 1 qt. warm water.

- All Purpose Cleaner:
Baking soda and water for ovens, cutting boards, coffee stains, toilets, basin, tub and tile. Water mixed with salt or borax for Formica.

Baking soda and vinegar for crusted food in pans.

- Oven Cleaner:
Put salt on spills while warm.
Loosen soil with 1/4 c. ammonia left overnight.

- Deodorizer:
Baking soda or vinegar in open dish. Air out room.
Fresh flowers or herbs.

Mix 2 c. of corn meal and 1 box of borax and sprinkle on carpet, leave 15 minutes, then vacuum.

- Disinfectant:
Borax and water solution, then keep area aired out and dry.
1 T. bleach in 1 gal. of warm water (wipe on a clean surface and let air dry).

- Stain Removal:
For rust or hard water deposits: vinegar or lemon juice.
For copper pots: lemon halves dipped in salt (or rub with vinegar).
For coffee cups: baking soda.
For general use: corn meal and water mixed into paste.
Personal Care Products:
Avoid aerosols, use pump sprays.

- GARAGE/BASEMENT
Paint, Paint Remover: Use water based latex paints.
Use sandpaper and sander as paint remover.

- Pesticides:
Boric acid for cockroaches, traps for rats and mice (Pesticides will not be effective if the pests' shelter, food and water are not removed).

- Wood Preservatives:
Purchase pre-treated wood.

LAUNDRY

-Detergent:
Soap, borax or washing soda or use less detergent.

- Softener:
1/4 c. vinegar in wash cycle.

- Dry Cleaner Fluid/Spot Remover:
Soap, cornstarch or vinegar.

- Starch:
1 T. cornstarch to 1 pt. water.

- Bleach:
Use powdered rather than liquid bleach.

OTHER ALTERNATIVES:
Wipe up spills with water or club soda.

LESS TOXIC ENVIRONMENTAL ALTERNATIVESAIR FRESHENERS/DEODORIZERS

1.)Leave open boxes of baking soda in refrigerators, closets and bathrooms.

2.)Saturate a cotton ball with pure vanilla; place on a saucer in refrigerator or car.

3.)Set out white vinegar in open dishes to destroy odors.

4.)Set out potpourri in open dishes.

5.)Burn scented candles.

CLEANERS

1.)Mix vinegar with salt and water for a good surface cleaner

2.)Dissolve baking soda in water for a general cleaner.

3.)For washing dishes by hand, use 1/2 c. baking soda with a mild dishwashing liquid to help cut grease and food.

4.)For automatic dishwashers choose a detergent with the lowest phosphate content listed on the package.

5.)For a good glass cleaner combine a quart of water with 1/4 to 1/2 c. of white vinegar, 1 to 2 T. of lemon juice or 1 to 2 T. rubbing alcohol.

MILDEW CLEANERS

1.)Scrub mildew spots with baking soda or Borax; or sponge with white vinegar.

2.)Scrub area with a paste of lemon juice or white vinegar and salt.

3.)To clean mildew from a shower curtain: machine wash with 1/2 c. soap and
1/2 c. baking soda adding 1c. of white vinegar to the rinse cycle.

UPHOLSTERY RUG & CARPET CLEANERS

1.)Use a non-aerosol soap based cleaner.

2.)Clean spills immediately with club soda.

3.)To clean red wine stains, rub a thick layer of salt on the spill then sponge up after the spill has been absorbed.

SCOURING POWDERS

1.)Use baking soda or salt.

2.)Use a non-chlorinated commercial scouring powder.

TOILET BOWL CLEANERS

1.)Scrub with a solution of 1/2 c. Borax in a gallon of water for cleaning and disinfecting.

2.)Clean frequently with a solution of baking soda and water. Sprinkle baking soda around the rim and scrub with a toilet brush as needed.

DRAIN OPENERS

1.)To unclog a drain, pour 1/4 c. of baking soda down the drain followed by 1/2 c. of white vinegar. Let sit for a few minutes then pour a kettle of boiling water down the drain to flush.

2.)Pour 1/4 c. salt down the drain, followed by boiling water, to keep drains unclogged.

3.)Pouring boiling water down the drain once a week can keep it from getting blocked.

4.)To prevent clogged drains, always use a drain strainer. Use a mechanical snake or plunger to unclog a drain.


AUTOMATIC GARAGE DOOR OPENER
If you're leaving home for a period of time, unplug your garage door opener and lock the door. Thieves may patrol the area with an opener of their own testing to see who's door opens. Another good idea is to reset the "factory" code on your opener to a personal one.

RAW EGG IN AN UNBAKED RECIPE
Coddle the egg: Put whole egg on a spoon and dip it into boiling water for 40 seconds. Shock the egg in cold water to stop the cooking process.

REMOVE TARNISH FROM SILVERWARE
1.) Line a pan with a sheet of aluminum foil or use an aluminum pan. Stir 3 T. baking soda or Comet to each quart of water used. Lay silver in pan making sure it touches foil.
2.) Put a sheet of aluminum foil in a non-metallic pan. Add 1 t. salt and 1 t. baking soda per quart of water used and bring to a boil. Lay silver in pan touching foil until tarnish is gone.
3.) If you're out of silver polish don't despair, water in which potatoes have been cooked will remove tarnish from silverware. Just soak the pieces for an hour and the tarnish will disappear. Wash the pieces in suds, rinse well and dry.
4.) Put silver in plastic dishpan and set in your sink. Add Dermassage and 1/2 c. Roman Cleanser to boiling water. Let soak; stir occasionally. Note: These methods remove all tarnish. If you want the patina in the grooves of the pattern to remain - DON'T USE THIS METHOD!!

- REMOVE STRONG ODORS IN YOUR REFRIGERATOR:
Clean properly including all reachable corners and areas with lemon scented liquid soap.

Clean the seals of the refrigerator with a baking powder water solution (see the box of baking soda for amounts).

Place fresh coffee grounds on a saucer and put in refrigerator for up to 1 week.
Quick tips for a clean kitchen:

-Make a paste of baking soda and water and rub into coffee and tea stains.

-Clean burnt pans by coating bottom with baking soda and covering with water.

-Add a generous amount of baking soda to your hot dishwater to help remove dried foods.

-For cast iron pans, remove cooked and burnt-on food or grease by soaking the pan in hot water and use a plastic scouring pad.

-It’s important not to use S.O.S pads on your metal pans, which will damage the surface of the pan. If the stain remains, mix 3 cups of water with 2 tablespoons of baking soda and soak.

-Add a little vinegar to the rinse water for shiny, streak-less glasses.

-Make stainless steel sinks clean with a little rubbing alcohol and remove spots with white vinegar. Get a shiny stainless steel sink by buffing with a little baby oil.

-Remove rust spots (like those from rusted S.O.S. pads) with lighter fluid.

-And clear plugged sinks by pouring a half-cup of baking soda followed by a full cup of vinegar into the drain before pouring down some hot water.

-To clear a greasy clogged drain, pour a cup of salt water and a cup of soda down the drain, followed by hot water.

-Clear drains by mixing equal parts vinegar, salt and baking soda.

-To deodorize your garbage disposal, drop in some lemon and orange peels.

-Remove stains from the stove drips pans by using laundry detergent.

-Use a little toothpaste to remove black scruff marks from appliances.

-Use a slice of lemon to rub off dried on eggs from tableware.

-To remove grease from inside an oven, put a small pan of ammonia in the oven over night with the door closed. In the morning, remove the pan and the inside grease should wipe off easily.

-Clean your blender by filling it halfway with water and adding a few drops of dishwasher detergent.

-Turn the blender on and let it clean itself.

-Give your counter tops a new shine with club soda.

-Use a soft cloth dampened with white vinegar to remove water spots from stainless steel and wipe dry.

-Fill a spray bottle half with water and half with ammonia.

-It can be safely used on counter tops, appliances, and wastebaskets.

-Stubborn stains can be erased with a little lemon juice.

-Clean a microwave quickly by filling a bowl with water a squirt of lemon juice,
boil the water so that steam fills the microwave, and wipe the surfaces with a damp cloth.

-It’s also important to thoroughly clean cutting boards, which trap in bacteria and germs. Sprinkle salt on the board.

-Cut a lemon in half and squeeze half of the lemon onto the board. Scrub and clean.

-Use warm water to rinse off the lemon/salt mixture. Occasionally lightly sand wooden boards. Rub a small amount of olive oil into the board, but never immerse wood in water.

- Blocked Sink, Basin or Bathtub:
Fill the basin with water (Water is needed to push & flush away the blocking substance) Most people cannot unblock because the sink is dry & not filled with water.

-Cover up the top air vent hole of the basin completely with a sponge/cloth to increase force.

-Use a plunger/pump to pump/force air in and suck out (the sucking action releases blocking)

-Each pumping action should allow water to run into the drain before next pumping. After a few minutes pumping and flushing, the drain should be unplugged.

- Blocked toilets - kids favorite pastime is to throw toys & things into the toilet:
Before calling the plumber - try to clear it yourself.
Use a large bucket of water & pour it forcefully into the toilet.
The weight & force of the water may unblock it.
If still blocking, fill with water then use a large pump/rubber-plunger to pump forcefully & force the water in for few minutes until it is unblocked.

Use a flexible wire (i.e. wire from a garment hanger or buy a cheap drain snake
from the hardware store) to dislodge the blocking item.

- Bathroom Odors: Place a shallow dish of baking soda behind the toilet to absorb bathroom odors.

- Fish or Other Spoiled Food Odor: Place a bowl of white vinegar on the counter for a few hours. The odor will disappear for good.

-Stickers, Decals, and Glue: To remove them from furniture, glass, plastic, etc.
saturate with vegetable oil and rub off.

-Unsticking sticky metal zippers
Rub a soft pencil along the zipper - the graphite lubricates the zipper and help
it run smoothly - only works with metal zippers.

- A.Crayon marks on vinyl can be removed with silver polish. On wallpaper, try
rubbing very gently with baking soda sprinkled on a damp cloth.
On hard surfaces try rubbing lightly with dry soap-filled steel wool pad. Do not wet.

B. Use WD40(spray lubricant) to remove wax crayon from painted walls. Just
spray it on and wipe it off. Dish soap easily removes all traces of the lubricant from the wall. Heavily colored areas should be done a few times or sprayed and left for a time.

-Removing chewing gum on clothes and Jeans:
Put them into the freezer for a while and the chewing gum just breaks apart ready for you to wash them.

-Nail varnish helps remove stubborn gum.

- Dirty neck rings around shirt or blouse collars can be removed by putting shampoo on them. Rub the shampoo in like you were washing your hair. Shampoo is specifically made to remove body oils. A cheap bottle of shampoo kept by the washing machine is handy for all kinds of stains in clothing. Don't forget this trick when you are traveling.

-Ink Stains: The best way I have found to get out ink stains is to put rubbing alcohol on the stain - it disappears! This must be done before washing.

-Ball point pen stains can be removed by using hair spray. Let the hair spray dry and wash. Table salt will absorb ink when it is spilled. Pour salt on the wet ink and continue to add salt until there is no more "wet ink". Then vacuum or wash. Other types of ink can be removed using rubbing alcohol. Rubbing alcohol used to remove ink marks on leather car seats. "Rubbing alcohol did well. It did not remove the ink completely, but it did fade them to the point that you would have to look very closely to see the marks."

-Butter is considered one of the most difficult stains to remove. All you will need is a soft sponge, warm water, shampoo, and some grease solvent. Apply a small amount of grease solvent to the stain and let dry. It won't take long for this to happen. Then take the sponge, apply some warm water and a bit of
shampoo and gently lift the stain.

-Ketchup stains require glycerine, and a little soap and water. Act quickly, though, or the stain may set.

- Blood stains in clothing need to be removed as soon as possible. Simple ways to remove blood stains: Just use Shampoo.

Other ways: Corn starch can remove blood stains. Rinse the stain in cold water, then rub in moistened corn starch. Dry in the sun.
Professional ways: Use cold water and wash out the stain. Hot water will set the blood and it will be difficult or impossible to get out.

Hydrogen peroxide is the absolute best for removing blood stains. The fresher the easier of course, but even dried blood comes out with a little effort. The hydrogen peroxide seems to do no damage to any fabric.

-Cleaning Scuff Marks
Use 3 tbsp. Of TSP (trisodium phosphate) to a gallon of water to clean scuff
marks or crayon marks off walls. TSP can be found in the paint department of
a hardware store. Wear gloves and do not use on semi-gloss or gloss paint or
wood surfaces.

-Removing Magic Marker Ink
Hair spray will remove magic-marker ink from surfaces.

-Stain Removal:
For rust or hard water deposits: vinegar or lemon juice.
For copper pots: lemon halves dipped in salt (or rub with vinegar).
For coffee cups: baking soda.
For general use: corn meal and water mixed into paste.
Warning: Test the item on a hidden part of the item or fabric first.
Avoid using ammonia on silk and wool and always test any method or solution.
Rayons, velvets, silks and some laces should be brought to a professional cleaning service.


- IDEAS FOR SERVING PERISHABLE FOODS AT OUTDOOR PARTIES
Purchase a children's inflatable pool for around $5.00 at a Meijer's, K-Mart or Wal-Mart. Fill full of ice (about 10 lb.) Place the bowls of chicken salad, potato salad, shrimp, cocktail sauce, cold beer, wine, etc. in the ice. You can place flowers around the ice or add a center piece for display too. You may try making an "ice bowl" too. Put some water in a large bowl, pour cold water in the bowl and place a smaller bowl inside. Weigh the small bowl down with something heavy and freeze. You can add lemon slices for decoration. Remember to pre-chill the items before serving. Try not to let the food stay out for much more than 1 hour. You can make smaller servings and replenish them each hour for longer parties. The rule is: keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold i.e.: under 40° or over 140°.

- TO CLEAN THE BOTTOM OF AN IRON
Using 4 ought steel wool, rub the bottom of the cold iron until you've gotten it clean. Heat the iron to the warm setting and run it across waxed paper. Then run the iron over an old white cloth to remove any excess wax.

- TO CLEAN YOUR WASHING MACHINE
This should be done every 6 months. Fill washing machine with very hot to boiling water, add 2 gallons of vinegar and let agitate for 8-10 minutes. Turn machine off and let stand over night. Turn machine on and let it run through a complete cycle.

- TO CLEAN UNDISSOLVED SOAP IN A DISHWASHER
Give your dishwasher a refreshing drink of Tang every month or two. Dump an entire pint jar of Tang into the bottom of an empty dishwasher. Preheat the water by running tap water in the sink till it's hot. Then run a full cycle. Also, store your powdered detergent in a plastic bag to keep it as dry as possible, it will work better in the dishwasher. It is also a good idea to refer back to the manufacturer's manual to see their method for proper loading of the unit. The use of Tang applies to your washing machine as well! It removes the build-up of detergent and mineral deposits. Depending on how often you use these appliances, you should do this every few months. Also be sure you don't overdo the detergent - follow your manufacturer's instructions and even a little less!

-ELIMINATE DISCOLORATION AND COVER SCRATCHES IN WOOD FURNITURE
Break a piece of peanut, walnut or pecan and rub the broken side over scratches in wooden furniture. The oil from the nutmeat can eliminate discoloration and the furniture may look almost as good as new.

- PREVENT CLOUDINESS IN CRYSTAL GLASSWARE
Add vinegar to the wash water. Don't use the dishwasher. Wash by hand using about 1/2-1c. vinegar to 1 gal. hot water. Or for better results, soak glasses in a strong vinegar solution (1-2 c. per gal. hot water) for several hours or overnight. Repeat if necessary.

- TO REMOVE ODORS IN A CLOSET
Wash the walls, ceiling and floor thoroughly with a mixture of 1 c. ammonia, 1 c white vinegar and 1/4 c. baking soda for every gallon of water. Repeat if necessary. If closet odors persist, place a shallow pan of kitty litter in the closet. Keep door closed and replenish the litter every few days till the odor is gone.

- WASHING DOWN PILLOWS
Launder in washing machine. Place in dryer and put 4 new tennis balls in with the pillows (if you don't have the balls use clean tennis shoes). This pounds and fluffs the pillows. This is noisy. This can take longer than a single drying cycle. Feel the pillows with your fingers to make sure the feathers are dry and not matted. If you feel any "lumps", return to drier.

- CLEAN STUFFED ANIMALS
Place animal in a paper bag, add corn meal and shake the bag for a minute or so. Let stand for several hours. Brush the corn meal off. This absorbs the oils and grease. Repeat if necessary.

- TO STORE PEPPERS (Jan Atwood)
FREEZE THEM: Seed the peppers and put them in a freeze-lock plastic container then freeze. Be aware that they will be slightly mushy but still good for sauces
and such. (you can also freeze the peppers whole, this will result in a hotter pepper because of the seeds remaining intact)
DRY THEM: Cut peppers length-wise and seed them (using a spoon is suggested) and place on a cookie sheet or baking pan. Put your oven on its lowest setting (150° is desired but your oven may not go that low), place peppers in oven and prop the oven door open with a wooden spoon (just slightly ajar, about 1 inch or so). Cook for 24-48 hours til they are brittle and dry. Remove, cool and chop to desired consistency (caller uses a food processor for this task). Store in a tightly sealed jar.
Note: when handling hot peppers wear rubber gloves and do not touch your eyes or face.

- KEEP SQUIRRELS OFF THE BIRD FEEDER
Add a few T. of cayenne pepper to the bird seed and blend it together. The bird's digestive system is not affected, but the squirrels discover it's "hot stuff".

- CLEAN OIL FROM THE DRIVEWAY
Try a product called Oil Dry. It is available at your local auto parts store.

- REMOVE INK FROM WOOD FURNITURE
Purchase Mequiars heavy duty rubbing compound and mirror polish (or swirl remover) at the auto parts store. Apply a couple of drops of the rubbing compound and rub in a circular motion. Then apply a couple more drops and rub with the grain of the wood. Then apply a couple of drops of the polish and gently rub out the marks from the rubbing compound.

-REMOVE WAX FROM CARPETING
Place a paper towel over the stain and draw the wax up into it by placing a warm iron over the paper towel (this is called "capillary action"); repeat if necessary. Sponge the stained area with 1 c. isopropyl alcohol and 2-3 c. water if the stain remains. Sponge from the outside to the inside of the stain. Be very sure not to get the area too wet or you can bring up a stain from the padding.

- REMOVE CANDLE WAX FROM FURNITURE
Turn stained furniture upside down. Put a piece of cotton cloth (T-shirt) over the wax stain. Using a hot chrome or metal finish curling iron, heat wax and let it melt into the cloth. This may take several applications to fully remove the wax.

- REMOVE CANDLE WAX ON MATERIAL
Remove the excess the best you can. This is best done by putting an ice cube on the wax to harden it, then peeling or scraping off the excess wax. Then place an absorbent piece of paper underneath, such as a brown paper bag. Put a white paper towel on top. Place a warm (not hot) iron on top over the paper towel and it should draw the wax up to the towel.

-REMOVE CANDLE WAX FROM CANDLE HOLDERS
Put candle holders in the freezer till wax is frozen. Chip the wax off. Or, put holders under very hot water and wipe wax off.eb. 2000

- MAGIC POTION FOR WHITE CLOTHES
This is for use with white cotton, nylon and polyester only.
1/4 c. liquid detergent
1/4 c. electric dishwasher detergent
1/4 c. bleach OR ammonia BUT NOT BOTH
1/2 - 1 bucket warm water Soak until stain disappears and launder as usual.
Note: DO NOT use chlorinated bleach.
PERSPIRATION STAINS
2 T. cream of tartar per gallon of water. Soak until stain disappears then launder as usual.

- SALT STAINS ON SHOES
Apply white vinegar to shoes with a rag and wipe off salt stains. This is supposed to de-activate the salt as well.

-TO CLEAN MICROWAVE OVEN AND REMOVE ODORS Place a bowl of vinegar in the microwave and run on HIGH till it comes to a boil. Wipe the interior clean with a rag dipped in the vinegar.

-PREVENTING DRAWERS FROM STICKING
Make sure the wood is very dry and sanded well. Shellac them and then rub with paraffin wax in order to lubricate them so they slide easily. Do this to all surfaces of the drawers.

-MAKE A YARN BOTTLE Heat the black "ring" portion of a 2 liter plastic soda pop bottle with a hairdryer and remove the ring. Cut the bottom part of the clear plastic container with a knife. Insert the skein of yarn inside the bottle and run the yarn through the top opening. Slip the ring back on the bottom end of the bottle. If the ring is too loose, tape it to the clear part of the bottle.

-FLOODED BASEMENTS Disinfect your walls and floors with Lysol or a solution of 1/2 c. chlorine to 1 gal. water. Discard fruits, vegetables or food that has come in contact with the water. Wash jars or cans of food with soap and hot water using a brush, then immerse in chlorinated water. (3 drops of bleach to 1 gal. water) for at least 15 minutes. Clothing, carpets, toys and upholstered furniture cannot be disinfected, you should discard them. Beware of electrocution. Don't go down in the water until the electricity has been cut off.

-REMOVE MILDEW
Mix equal parts of non-chlorine Clorox II Lemon Fresh bleach and Palmolive dish soap. Make a paste and apply it to the mildew. You can use a toothbrush to really work it in. This may take a few applications. When mildew brushes off; launder.

- ODOR FROM NEW CARPET
Turn the heat up to full blast for several hours then turn heat back down. Open all windows and air out the dwelling.

- IF INSTANT PUDDING BREAKS DOWN AFTER STORING
Enzymes from saliva will break down the pudding after eating. To prevent this, do not eat from the original bowl then store. Serve portions to be eaten in separate bowls.

- FRESH STRAWBERRIES INSTEAD OF FROZEN
Remember to crush the strawberries before measuring them. This will equalize the proportions for measuring.

- YEAST TEST
Dissolve 1 t. of granulated sugar into 1/2 c. warm water (110 -115 ). Sprinkle 1 packet of yeast slowly over the surface of the water. Stir the yeast mixture and let stand for 10 minutes. If the yeast has multiplied to the 1 c. mark and has a rounded crown, the yeast is still active and fresh and you may use it. Remember to deduct the 1/2 c. of liquid from the total amount of liquid used in your recipe.

-PREVENTING RASH FROM WRIST WATCH
Brush back of watch with clear nail polish. When it wears off repeat.

-PREVENT STAINS ON TIES
Scotch Guard ties when they're new.

-TO GET RID OF CLOVER MITES
Put a towel or rag soaked in Roman Cleanser bleach on the window sill. Make sure your sill is constructed of a material that can take the bleach safely such as marble

-APPLESAUCE AS SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL
You may substitute up to 50% applesauce or fruit puree in place of oil when you bake to reduce fat content, i.e.: 1 c. oil called for in recipe, use 1/2 c. applesauce. If you have any questions call Motts: 1-800-426-4891.

-PEELING HARD BOILED EGGS
Start eggs in cold water with 1/2 t. salt and 1 T. oil. Bring to full boil. Now you have two choices: You can reduce the heat and simmer the eggs for 12 minutes or cover the pan, turn off the heat, and wait 15 to 20 minutes. Put eggs in cold water to stop cooking process. Crack the shells and run them under cold water again. The eggs should peel easily. Hard-cooked eggs will keep in the refrigerator four to five days if left unpeeled.

-PEELING HARD BOILED EGGS (From Hamilton Egg Co.) Fresh eggs may be hard to peel. Use eggs stored 7-10 days. To help make peeling easier, cool eggs immediately in cold water after cooking. To remove the shell, crackle eggs by tapping gently all over. Roll the eggs between your fingers to loosen the shell, then peel starting at the large end. Hold the eggs under running cold water or dip them in a bowl of cold water and ease off the shell.

-MUSTY SMELLING BOOKS
Put the book in a brown paper bag with baking soda and let sit for approximately one week.

-TO CLEAN WHITE SHOES
Rub the shoes with a cloth dipped in ammonia.

-ARTHRITIS
Soak white raisins (yellow Dole plump up best) in gin for seven days then pour off gin.
Eat nine raisins per day. You can grind the raisins and take one heaping teaspoonful per day.

-ARTHRITIS HELP
1 T. honey
1 T. apple juice
8 oz. water Combine and drink 2-3 times daily.

-RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SOAK
To help alleviate the pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis, run a hot bath and dissolve 2 packets of Johnson's Foot Soak and 1/2 - 1/3 cup of rubbing alcohol in the water. Get in and soak.
After getting out of the tub, use a good moisturizer as the alcohol will tend to dry your skin out.

-JOGGING IN A JUG (homemade) Mix 1 part apple cider vinegar to 4 parts purple grape juice and 4 parts apple juice. Mix together well. Keep in the refrigerator. Take 2 oz. every morning after breakfast to help lower your cholesterol level.

-FOR CLEANING COPPER PAN
1. Clean pan with Zud and rinse. Wipe dry right away.
2. Or rub the pan with a cloth dipped in ketchup.

-TO TAKE THE HEAT OUT OF RED ONIONS
Slice the red onion. Put slices into a bowl of cold water and soak for 10 minutes.

-REMOVING SPAGHETTI SAUCE FROM CLOTHING
Rub regular Dawn Dishwashing Detergent into the spaghetti stain; put some also into lukewarm water and stir. Soak clothing overnight. Repeat if necessary. DO NOT ever put clothing in dryer if it has a stain or you will set the stain. NOTE: You can use Simple Green in the same manner or try adding 1/4 c. Simple Green to your washing machine load and if there are any stains you may have missed, the Simple Green will help remove them.

OLD FASHIONED REMEDY FOR UPSET STOMACH
Mix 4 oz. of "real" orange juice, 4 oz. water, 2 T. Karo syrup and a pinch of salt. Take 1 T. of the mixture every 15 minutes when you're nauseated. Store in the refrigerator.

-REMOVE SMOKE ODOR FROM WOOD TABLE (Chairs, Cabinets, Etc.) Invert the table and sprinkle the underside of the table with fresh coffee grounds. Cover the table with a plastic sheet and seal it to the floor with masking tape. Let the table sit for 1 week to pull the odor out.

-REMOVE STRONG ODORS IN YOUR REFRIGERATOR
Clean the seals of the refrigerator with a baking powder water solution (see the box of baking soda for amounts). Place fresh coffee grounds on a saucer and put in refrigerator for up to 1 week.

-EXTRACT PULP FROM PUMPKINS
Knock the stem off. Pierce the top 3-4 times, the middle 3-4 times and the same to the bottom to vent (use a paring knife or an ice pick). Place a piece of waxed paper in the microwave and cook for 5 minutes on high (for a 700 watt microwave). Turn the pumpkin over and cook for 5 more minutes. Remove from the microwave and wrap the pumpkin in a towel for 10 minutes. Cut the pumpkin in half, remove the seeds with a fork and scrape the pulp out with a spoon. A 5 lb. pumpkin should yield about 3 c. of pulp. FOR SQUASH: Acorn squash is done the same way but cook for 3 minutes. Cut in half and add butter, cinnamon or syrup and cook for another 3-4 minutes or till squash is tender.

- CLEANING COFFEE MAKERS
Fill the decanter with white vinegar. Place a filter in the machine, pour in the vinegar and run about 3 c. of the vinegar into the decanter. Turn the machine off and let stand for 30 minutes. Pour the 3 c. of vinegar back into the coffee maker, turn it back on and let the vinegar run completely through the machine. Discard the vinegar and the used coffee filter. Replace the filter with a clean one and run a decanter of fresh water through the machine. Remove the filter and replace with a new one and run another decanter of fresh water through the machine. If you have soft water, you'll need to clean the machine after 80 brew cycles. If you have hard water, every 40 cycles

- PREVENT PUMPKIN PIE FROM GETTING SOGGY
Here are 3 different suggestions:
1.) Pre-bake the crust for 10 minutes at 350° before you put in the filling.
2.) Put the crust into the pie tin and lightly butter the crust.
3.) Start pie in a 425° oven for 15 minutes, reduce to 350° and continue baking till the filling is firm (about 45-50 minutes).

- CONVERTING REGULAR COOKING TO CROCKERY COOKING
Original recipe calls for 15-30 minutes of cooking time: cook on low 4-8 hours or 1 1/2 - 2 1/2 hours on high. For 30-60 minutes of cooking time; cook on low 6-8 hours or 3-4 hours on high. For 1-3 hours of cooking time: cook on low 8-16 hours or 4-6 hours on high.

- CAST IRON PAN SEASONING AND CARE
1.) Wash in warm sudsy, water; dry thoroughly.
2.) Coat the whole utensil in Planters peanut oil; place in A 300 degree oven for 1 hour.
3.) Remove from oven and wipe off oil with a paper towel.
4.) Before cooking, pre-heat utensil for 90 seconds over medium heat.
5.) Cleaning and storage: Your cast iron will turn black after repeated use providing a durable coating that prevents sticking. Just rinse in hot water (not the dishwasher). Harsh detergents will remove the seasoning. Dry and store in a warm dry place, do not stack.
6.) If you notice rust, discolored food, blackened dishtowel or metallic taste, re-season, using the steps above.

-GENERAL CARE OF CAST IRON PANS
1.) Clean cast iron cookware with only hot water and a good stiff brush. Even well seasoned pieces will need some attention every now and again, so wash with a mild detergent, rinse and dry thoroughly. Never scour or use a dishwasher. (You may use a plastic bun to remove stubborn food particles).
2.) Cook food with little water content the first few times. Avoid cooking acidic foods such as tomatoes, unless combined with other foods. Uncover hot food as you remove from the heat, because steam may remove the protective coating.

3.) Rust, a metallic taste or discolored foods are signs of improper or inadequate seasoning. If this occurs, wash thoroughly and re-season.

4.) Since cast iron heats evenly, it is not necessary to use extremely high cooking temperatures. Best results are obtained with medium to medium-high temperature settings. Do not overheat or leave empty utensil on burner. Never place utensil on an already heated burner; rather, allow the utensil to heat as the burner does.

5.) Always store cast iron utensils with tops or lids off so moisture won't collect inside. Store in a warm, dry place. A paper towel placed inside the utensil will absorb any moisture and prevent rust.

6.) For best results, warm cast iron utensils in the oven while preparing ingredients. This will ensure that food cooks evenly without sticking. That black finish that good cooks covet will develop over time, generating years of good cooking and creating a new heirloom for future generations.

-SHOWER DOORS
To keep shower doors shiny and clear, use a soft cloth moistened with baby oil. It prevents scum build-up from dirt and soap. And hard water spots won't appear for several months

-REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR MOST KITCHEN APPLIANCES
Where do you find a replacement carafe for your coffee maker etc.? A company called: Appliances S.O.S (800) 543-7549.

-REPLACE CHINA - CRYSTAL - DINNERWARE
Here's the place that carries all the patterns and designs that you can't seem to find. Replacements Ltd. Located at P.O. Box 26029, 1089 Knox Rd. Greensboro, NC 27420.
Toll free number is (800) REPLACE (737-5223). Or go to: www.replacements.com

-SILENCE SQUEAKING WOOD FLOORS
Dust talcum powder into the cracks. It works like magic.

-REMOVE WRINKLES FROM A VINYL COAT Hang the coat on a hanger and go over wrinkles with a hair dryer till wrinkles come out.

-SOFTEN BLUE JEANS
Soak in full strength fabric softener (Like Downy) over night and launder as usual

-GET RID OF SMALL MOTHS/BUGS Fill a small bowl with white vinegar and a few drops of liquid dish soap. The moths are attracted to it, fall into it and expire. Strip the pantry and wash. Remove paper from cans and wash cans in hot soapy water. Discard anything containing wheat. Store flour and wheat containing products in air tight containers. You can even store in the refrigerator or freeze.

-REMOVE CRAYON STAINS
To remove crayon stains from glass, porcelain, Formica, metal, plastic, no-wax vinyl floors, painted walls, painted wood, scrubbable wallpaper, tile, chalkboard and marble. Spray surface to be cleaned with WD-40 and wipe with a soft cloth. If a residue remains add liquid dish washing detergent into water, wash the surface with a sponge, working in a circular motion and rinse. Repeat as needed.

-TO RID BATS FROM THE ATTIC
Place 6 boxes of mothballs in the area where the bats are residing. The mothballs must contain the chemical naphthalene. The bats dislike loud music and bright lights too. Do not do this between Aug-Sept because they are spawning. They hibernate after that time and again you are not supposed to use the mothballs. You must find how they got into your home and close the opening.

-REMOVE A BLEACH STAIN FROM A CARPET
Using a toothpick, mix colors of paint till you get the shade to match the carpet. Apply the paint very lightly to the bleached spot and let it dry. After it has dried reapply. Repeat this process till the color blends in with the carpet. This works best with very small stains. If the stain is too large the paint will leave the carpet stiff. If you can get a color close enough to match you can use magic marker or colored felt tip pens.

-MAKE YOUR GRASS GREENER (The Garden Doctor)
1.) Leave grass about 2 inches high.
2.) Sometimes your soil has a deficiency of magnesium and iron. These 2 nutrients are essential to make the grass green. There are fertilizers which have these ingredients in them already (Scotts and Greenfields are some brand names. Look for a high nitrogen number and iron added) and you just follow the directions on the bag. If you go out and buy magnesium carbonate (epsom salts) you mix 2 LEVEL T. to a gallon of water and spray the lawn evenly and then water it down into the grass. The iron is sold in percentages 10,12 and 15 %. Follow the package directions for spraying on your lawn.

-REMOVE A RING STUCK ON YOUR FINGER
Wrap your finger tightly with dental floss and then you can take the ring off over that.

- REMOVE PROBLEM STAINS
This works great on perspiration stains, baby formula stains, set stains, and even chocolate stains.
1 c. Dove liquid dish soap
1 c. dry Clorox bleach (non-chlorinated) Mix all with 1 gallon of the hottest water the material can handle. Soak for up to 3 days. If the stain isn't out by the 3rd day, make a new solution and re-soak the material. If there is an odor problem as well add 1 c. ammonia to the solution. Works great on whites; if using color, make sure the material you soak is color-fast or test a portion that will not show.

- NO STREAK WINDOW CLEANING
Clean windows with your favorite window cleaner or use a mixture of 1/4 -1/2 c. white vinegar, 1-2 T. lemon juice or 1-2 T. rubbing alcohol. (add 2-3 drops of dishwasher detergent) and 1 quart water. Wipe dry with crumpled up newspaper sheets.
Note: let the newspaper ink dry for 3 weeks so you don't get it all over your hands.

-TO REMOVE ODOR FROM PLASTIC CONTAINERS
Put tomato juice on a sponge and wipe it around. Also can be used to remove odors form inside of refrigerators and dogs. Wash containers and lids with soap and water, dry well and put lid and bowl separately into freezer for a couple of days.

-GET RID OF SAND AND GRIT FROM CLAMS
Add corn meal to the soaking water. This will irritate the clams and they will expel the sand and grit while trying to get rid of the corn meal.

- REMOVING RED WINE STAIN
Saturate a cloth or sponge with hydrogen peroxide and blot the stain. If the stain is in carpet do not saturate the actual carpet just use a cloth or sponge that has hydrogen peroxide applied to it.

- REMOVING PERSPIRATION STAINS
Make a solution of water, white vinegar and detergent or use vinegar alone and apply to the stain; launder as usual.

- REMOVE GRASS STAINS
For grass stains, combine a few drops of household ammonia with 1 t. peroxide. Rub stain with this mixture. Rinse with water as soon as stain disappears.

- REMOVE LIPSTICK STAINS
Our old friend Krud Kutter, available at hardware stores.

- GET RID OF MITES (The Garden Doctor)
Purchase a miteacide for the lawn like Kelthane or Tedion. Mix with water and pour into a sprayer. Spread it in a 1 foot strip around your entire home.

- SOFTEN BROWN SUGAR
Break off a chunk of the brown sugar (if you can). Wrap it in foil and bake in a 300° F oven for 5 minutes.

- CLEAN THE GRILL
This cleanup trick works while you sleep! Lay a barbecue grill rack on the lawn overnight-the dew will combine with the enzymes in the grass to loosen any burned-on grease. Try it with messy oven racks too!

-NUTRITION AND FOOD SAFETY HOTLINE PHONE NUMBER
U.S.D.A.'s meat and poultry hot line: 1-800-535-4555. 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. E/T weekdays

COMMON CAUSES OF FAILURE IN CAKE MAKING

1.) Too hot oven causes cake to brown over on top before it has finished rising. Then as rising continues, the center portion breaks through the crust, giving a humpy, uneven shape to the cake
2.) Too slow of an oven (low temp.) allows the bubbles of gas to escape and the cake is too heavy.
3.) Too much flour makes a cake rise too high in the center and crack open. Also makes the cake dry and hard.
4.) Too little flour allows the cake to fall.
5.) Too much shortening makes a soggy cake with a greasy crumb.
6.) Too much sugar causes a heavy cake with a sugary crust.
7.) Insufficient creaming of the shortening and sugar makes a coarse texture.
8.) Too much beating after flour is added causes large holes and tunnels

GENERAL SHELF LIVES FOR COMMON ITEMS

(From The Food Marketing Institute In Washington DC)
1.) Flour unopened: up to 12 months. Opened: 6-8 months.
2.) Whole Wheat Flour unopened: 1 month. Opened: 6-8 months if refrigerated.
3.) Sugar unopened: 2 years. Sugars do not spoil but eventually may change flavor.
4.) Brown sugar unopened: 4 months.
5.) Confectioners sugar unopened: 18 months.
6.) Solid shortening unopened: 8 months. Opened: 3 months.
7.) Cocoa unopened: indefinitely. opened: 1 year.
8.) Whole spices: 2-4 years. Whether or not opened.
9.) Ground spices: 2-3 years. Whether or not opened.
10.) Paprika, red pepper and chili powder: 2 years when kept in refrigerator.
11.) High acid canned items such as fruit juice, tomato soup and things in vinegar
unopened: 12-18 months.
12.) Baking soda unopened: 18 months. Opened: 6 `months.
13.) Baking powder unopened: 6 months. Opened: 3 months.
14.) Cornstarch: 18 months. Whether or not opened.
15.) Dry pasta made without eggs unopened: 2 years. Opened: 1 year.
16.) Dry egg noodles unopened: 2 years. Opened: 1-2 months.
17.) Salad dressing unopened: 10-12 months. Opened: 3 months if refrigerated.
18.) Low acid canned items such as soup, meats, gravy and vegetables unopened: 2-5 years.
19.) Honey: 1 year. Weather or not opened.
20.) Worcestershire sauce: 1 year. Weather or not opened.
21.) Ground, canned coffee unopened: 2 years. Opened: 2 weeks, if refrigerated.
22.) Instant coffee in jars or tins unopened: 12 months. Opened: 3 months.
23.) Bottled water unopened: 1-2 years. Opened: 3 months.
24.) Pudding mixes unopened: 1 year. Opened: 4 months.
25.) Jams, jellies and preserves unopened: 1 year. Opened: 6 months if refrigerated.
26.) Peanut butter unopened: 6-9 months. Opened: 2-3 months.

WEIGHTS, MEASUREMENTS AND CONVERSIONS

Please note that MANY of the following equivalents are rounded off, and are NOT exact.
CONVERSION CHART FOR CUP MEASUREMENTS
8 oz. = 1 cup
Picnic size = 1 1/4 cups
#300 can = 1 3/4 cups
#1 tall can = 2 cups
#303 can = 2 cups
#2 can (20 oz. can) = 2 1/2 cups
#2 1/2 can = 3 1/2 cups
#3 can = 4 cups
#10 can = 12-13 cups

MILLILITER CONVERSIONS
1/8 t. = .5 ml
1/4 t. = 1.5 ml.
1/2 t. = 3 ml.
3/4 t. = 4 ml.
1 t. = 5 ml.
1 T. = 15 ml.
1/4 c. = 60 ml.
1/3 c. = 85 ml.
1/2 c. = 125 ml.
2/3 c. = 170 ml.
3/4 c. = 180 ml.
1 c. = 240 ml.

COMMON CONVERSIONS INTO GRAMS
1 t. (dry measure) = 4 g.
1 t. (liquid measure) - 5 g.
1/2 oz. = 14 g.
3/4 oz. = 21 g.
1 oz. = 28.35 g.
1 1/2 oz. = 43 g.
1 3/4 oz. = 50 g.
2 oz. = 57 g.
2 1/2 oz. = 71 g.
2 3/4 oz. = 78 g.
3 oz. = 85 g.
3 1/2 oz. = 99 g.
3.57 oz. = 100 g.
4 oz. = 114 g.
5 oz. = 142 g.
6 oz. = 170 g.
7 oz. = 199 g.
8 oz. = 226 g.
9 oz. = 254 g.
10 oz. = 283 g.
11 oz. = 311 g.
12 oz. = 340 g.
13 oz. = 368 g.
14 oz. = 396 g.
15 oz. = 425 g.
1/4 lb. (4 oz.) = 113 g.
1/2 lb. (8 oz.) = 225 g.
3/4 lb. (12 oz.) = 340 g.
1 lb. (16 oz.) = 453 g.
1 1/4 lb. = 566 g.
1 1/2 lb. = 679 g.
1 3/4 lb. = 792 g.
2 lb. = 905 g.
2 1/4 lb. = 1018 g.
3 lb. = 1.4 kilogram
10 oz. (many frozen foods) = 280 g.
10 1/2 oz. (canned soup) = 294g.
15 oz. = 425 g.
1 lb. 24 oz. (large can size) 850 g.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES a few grains = less than 1/8 t.
60 drops = 1 t.
1 1/2 t. = 1/2 T.
3 t. = 1 T.
2 T. = 1/8 c. (or 1 fluid oz.)
4 T. = 1/4 c.
5 1/3 T. = 1/3 c.
8 T. = 1/2 c.
10 2/3 T. = 2/3 c.
12 T. = 3/4 c.
16 T. = 1 c.
3/8 c. = 1/4 c. plus 2 T.
5/8 c. = 1/2 c. plus 2 T.
7/8 c. = 3/4 c. plus 2 T.
1 c. = 8 fluid oz.
2 c. = 1 pt. (or 16 fluid oz.)
2 pt. = 1 qt. (or 32 fluid oz.)
4 c. = 1 qt.
4 qt. = 1 gal.
8 qt. = 1 peck
4 pecks = 1 bushel
16 oz. = 1 lb.
1 g. = 0.035 oz.
1 kilogram = 2.21 lb.
1 oz. = 28.35 g.
1 lb. = 453.59 g.
1 t. = 4.9 milliliters
1 T. = 14.8 milliliters
1 c. = 236.6 milliliters
1 liter = 1.06 quarts (or 1000 milliliters)

METRIC CONVERSION FACTORSWEIGHT
1 oz. = 28.35 g.
1 g. = 0.035 oz.
1 lb. = 453.59 g.
1 kilogram = 2.21 lb.

VOLUME
1 fluid oz. = 29.57 ml.
1 ml. = 0.034 oz.
1 c. = 236.6 ml.
1 qt. = 946 ml.
1 liter = 33.8 fl. oz.

LENGTH
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters
1 centimeter = 0.39 inch
1 meter = 39.4 inches

TEMPERATURE
To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius:
Subtract 32. Then multiply by 5/9.
Example: convert 140°F to Celsius.
140 - 32 = 108
108 x 5/9 = 60°C.
To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit:
Multiply by 9/5. Then add 32.
Example: convert 150°C to Fahrenheit.
150 x 9/5 = 270
270 + 32 = 302°F8

SUBSTITUTION CHART

WHEN YOU NEED:
1 t. baking powder
USE:
1/2 t. cream of tarter + 1/4 t. baking soda.
1 c. buttermilk
1 t. lemon juice or vinegar + enough milk to measure one c.
1 c. cake flour
7/8 c. all-purpose flour.
1 T. cornstarch
2 T. all-purpose flour.
3/4 c. cracker crumbs
1 c. bread crumbs.
1 c. dark corn syrup
3/4 c. light corn syrup + 1/4 c. molasses.
1 garlic clove, minced
1/8 t. garlic powder.
1 t. garlic salt
1/8 t. garlic powder + 7/8 t. salt.

1 c. half-and -half cream
1 T. melted butter + enough whole milk to =1 c.
1 c. honey
1 1/4 c. sugar + 1/4 c. liquid.
1 t. lemon juice
1/4 t. cider vinegar.
1 t. lemon peel
1/2 t. lemon extract.
1 c. light corn syrup
1 c. sugar + 1 c. liquid.
1 c. molasses
1 c. honey.
1 onion (small), chopped
1 t. onion powder or 1 T. dried minced onion.
1 T. prepared mustard
1/2 t. ground mustard + 2 t. vinegar.
1 semisweet chocolate square (1 oz.)
3 T. semisweet chocolate chips or 1 square (1 oz.) unsweetened chocolate + 1 T. sugar.
1 c. sour cream
1 c. plain yogurt.
1 c. sugar
1 c. packed brown sugar or 2 c. sifted confectioners sugar.
2 t. tapioca
1 T. all-purpose flour.
1 c. tomato juice
1/2 c. tomato sauce + 1/2 c. water.
2 c. tomato sauce.
3/4 c. tomato paste + 1 c. water.
1 unsweetened chocolate square (1 oz.)
3 T. cocoa + 1 T. shortening or oil.
1 c. whole milk
1/2 c. evaporated milk + 1/2 c. water.

- ADDITIONAL USES FOR BOUNCE FABRIC SOFTENER (From Sandy Boakes)
*Repels mosquitoes. Tie a sheet of Bounce through a belt loop when outdoors during mosquito season.
*Eliminates static electricity from your television screen. Since Bounce is designed to help eliminate static cling, wipe your television screen with a used sheet of Bounce to keep dust from resettling.
*Dissolves soap scum from shower doors. Clean with a used sheet of Bounce.
*Freshens the air in your home. Place an individual sheet of Bounce in a drawer or hang one in the closet.
*Prevents thread from tangling. Run a threaded needle through a sheet of Bounce to eliminate the static cling on the thread before sewing.
*Eliminates static cling from hose. Rub a damp, used sheet of Bounce over the hose.
*Prevents musty suitcases. Place an individual sheet of Bounce inside empty luggage before storing.
*Freshens the air in your car. Place a sheet of Bounce under the front seat.
*Cleans baked-on food from a cooking pan. Put a sheet in the pan, fill with water, let sit overnight, and sponge clean. The antistatic agents apparently weaken the bond between the food and the pan while the fabric softening agents soften the baked-on food.
*Eliminates odors in wastebaskets. Place a sheet of Bounce at the bottom of the wastebasket.
*Collects cat hair. Rubbing the area with a sheet of Bounce will magnetically attract all the loose hairs.
*Eliminates static electricity from Venetian blinds. Wipe the blinds with a sheet of Bounce to prevent dust from resetting.
*Deodorizes shoes or sneakers. Place a sheet of Bounce in your shoes or sneakers overnight so they'll smell great in the morning.

- REMOVE DENTS IN CARPET FROM FURNITURE
Very carefully lift up the fibers in the indentation using the tines of a fork. You may have to apply some steam as well. Use a steam iron, but don't let the carpet get wet.

-KEEP CAR DOORS FROM FREEZING SHUT
Spray the rubber door lining with WD-40 or silicone lubricant. Don't forget to spray again after getting your car washed in freezing temperatures.

- CLEAN BURNT STAINLESS STEEL POTS
Sprinkle electric dishwasher powder liberally over the burnt area of the pot (about 2-3 T.). Fill the pot 1/2 way with water, cover with lid and bring to the boil. Reduce to a simmer for a few minutes and take a brush to it to clean.

- REMOVE OIL FROM DRIVEWAY
Cover oil with a product called Oil-Dry which you can find at auto supply stores.
You can use Kitty Ltter if you can't find the Oil-Dry. Scrub the stain left behind with a product called Gunk powdered floor cleaner or use a concrete cleaner.

- CLEAR A FROZEN DRAIN-LINE IN YOUR REFRIGERATOR
Boil a pot of water. Fill a turkey baster with the water and squirt down the drain
line.

- REMOVE CLOUDINESS FROM GLASSWARE
Soak glassware in a solution of hot water and white vinegar or full strength vinegar depending on how cloudy it is. Scrub with a brush then wash. If glasses are cloudy only on the inside, just fill with vinegar or vinegar/water solution. The amount of soaking time depends on the cloudiness of the glasses. Repeat if necessary.

- USED PANTYHOSE FOR DRYING SWEATERS
Put the pantyhose in the neck of the sweater and run the legs of the pantyhose down through the arms. Now you can hang the sweater up very nicely and let it dry on the line by clipping the clothespins to the pantyhose instead of the sweater. This eliminates any "clip" marks and helps the sweater dry faster.

-REMOVE MUSTARD STAINS FROM CLOTHING
Apply a few drops of glyercine and rub it in with your fingers. Rinse the stain with water and launder as usual.

-TO CRISP UP CELERY OR CARROTS
Dissolve 1/2 t. sugar in some cold water. Place cut up vegetables in the water and refrigerate for at least 15 minutes to a couple of hours.

- STORE LEEKS IN FREEZER
Clean and chop or dice the white parts of the leek. Place in a bag and freeze. Use for garnish or flavorings as needed. This works very well for onions too.
GREEN UP THE GRASS (The Garden Doctor)
Mix 2 T. epsom salt with 1 gal. water and spray the lawn.

- OLD FASHIONED DRAIN CLEANER & FRESHNER
Pour 1 c. baking soda down the drain. Pour 1 pt. white vinegar down the drain. Let sit for 1 hour.
Run hot water to flush the pipes. If it's a basement drain, use a bucket of boiling water. If the pipe is plugged with hair, etc. this probably won't clear it; you'll need something stronger. But this method will control odors and keep drains sweet.

- FEED HUMMINGBIRDS
4 c. water
1 c. sugar
Boil the mixture for 5 minutes. Let cool and fill the hummingbird feeder. The mixture will keep up to 2 weeks when refrigerated. Change the feed mixture every three days when the weather is hot. You need to clean the feeder thoroughly too. Try placing the feeder around these plants: columbine, bee balm, impatients, petunias and coral bells. Don't use red food coloring or honey.

- STRIPPING AND PRESERVING WOOD DECKS (The Home Improvement Doctor)
Purchase a product called Strip-X (for a stained deck) made by Bio-Wash. Apply with a roller or a brush. Let stand 15 minutes and rinse clean with the garden hose. Apply neutralizer (make sure the neutralizer comes with the Strip-X. It is suppose to be in a small bag that's attached) and let stand 2 minutes; rinse again with the hose. Let the deck dry. Buy a stain with UV protection (follow the directions of the stain).

-POUNDING NOISE FROM YOUR PIPES (Air Hammer Or Water Hammer)
Turn your main water valve off (this should be located by the water meter). Open all of the "cold" water faucets all the way. and let them drain completely. Close all of the faucets after draining. Turn main water valve back on. Go to each water faucet and open each up very slowly (they will "spit and pop") till water is running through again (this will establish an air-pocket which should stop the noise). Turn off the faucet and repeat this for each faucet.

- GET RID OF CARPENTER ANTS (Home Made Remedy)
Mix 1/2 c. molasses
1 pck. dry yeast
1/4 c. sugar well
Spread with a knife onto cardboard and place it where the ants are seen.

- FREEZE TOMATOES
Wash and core tomatoes (skin and seed if you care to). Place into freezer containers and freeze. They should last up to 1 year. You can use them as you would canned tomatoes.

- DEER AND ANIMAL REPELLENT (Barb Hallman)
GARLIC SPRAY
2 eggs
2 c. water
4 cloves garlic
2 t. Tabasco sauce Blend till smooth and let stand 2 days. Use with garden sprayer to spray yard and gardens.

REMOVE WATER OR HEAT MARKS ON WOOD SURFACES
(You Know, Those White Marks)

1.) Polish with pure lemon oil. Find a brand called o'cedar, we were told it's the best brand.

2.) Use Wright's silver polish, diluted slightly; apply gently, let stand and wipe dry.

3.) Use spirits of camphor.

4.) Mix cigar and or cigarette ashes with a couple of drops of water and make a paste. Rub lightly on the mark to remove.

5.) Try a paste of baking soda and water and use as above in number 4.

6.) Try as above using toothpaste.

7.) Again as above using mayonnaise.