Forty years of extensive research has been undertaken
of Maca's nutritional and medicinal values (Obreg—n. 1998), confirming
the traditional claims of Maca's health benefits. Maca's high nutritional
value comes from the fact that it contains about 59% carbohydrates, 14%
proteins, 9% fiber and 2% lipids among other components.
Maca contains:
Large
number of essential amino acids: such as alanine, arginine, aspartic,
aspartime, glutamine, glycine, histidine, OH-proline, isoleucine, leucine,
lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, sarcosine, serine, threonine,
tyrosine, and valine.
20 Fatty Acids: laric, myristic,
palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, arachidic, steric, behanic, nervonic,
oleic, lignoceric, tridecanoic, 7-tridecanoic, perntadecanoic, 7-pentadecanoic,
heptadecanoic, 9-heptadecanoic, nonadecanoic, 11-nonadecanoic, and 15-eicosenoic.
Minerals: calcium, copper,
iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc
Vitamins: Thiamine
(B1), Riboflavin (B2), B3, B12 and high in Vitamins A, C, D and E; isothiocyanate,
p-methoxybenzyl, isothiocyanate, and I-ecdysone along with saponins,
tannins, carbohydrates, protein, and benzyl, makes the Maca plant one
of the most powerful medicinal plants on earth (Garró,
1972 and Deni A., et al, 1994).
The major importance of Maca, however, comes
from the combination of its nutritional elements with other components
giving heightened nutritional and medicinal effects. Thus:
1) 4 alkaloids named macaina 1, 2, 3 and 4 have been detected, which
stimulate the reproductive system of both sexes (Chac—n, 1962;
Garr—, Le—n, and Julca, 1993); it is considered that the
alkaloids in Maca activate the calcitonine hormone that regulates calcium
and phosphorus metabolism and activates the parathonnone involved with
same metabolism
2) The high presence of the amino-acids
lysine and arginine in Maca has an effect on
the female and male fertility respectively;
arginine constitutes 80% of male reproductive
cells, thus, Maca could solve problems related
to deficiency of these amino acids, leading
to lack of sexual desire and supporting male
and female fertility
3) Among its components are certain
sterols, (Espinoza and Poma, 1995): Brassycosterol,
Ergosterol, Carnpesterol, delta 7.22 Ergostadienol,
and specially Sitosterol (Dini A. et al, 1994).
Balancing of menopause and an increase in female
fertility are attributed to Maca sterols and
lysine
4) Glucosinolates have been found, specially benzyl isotiocyanate
(Johns, 1980); this author finds that worldwide, plants with glucosinolates,
like Maca, are consumed because of their action on reproductive hormonal
processes
5) Fructose, a monosaccharide sugar with 173.3 degree
of sweetness, superior to glucose, is present; fructose is recommended
for combating athletes' fatigue; fructose is a sugar utilized by seminal
plasma to give energy to spermatozoids.
Nutritional Profile of Maca
TABLE 1.
Composition of Maca
Components |
% |
| Water |
10.4 |
| Proteins |
10.2 |
| Lipids |
2.2 |
| Hydrolyzable carbohydrates |
59.0 |
| Whole fiber |
8.5 |
| Ash |
4.9 |
Source:
Table taken from: D. Deni, G. Migliuolo,
L. Rastrelli, P. Saturnino, O. Schettino,
¿Chemical Composition of Lepidium
meyeniiî, in Food Chemistry 49,
USA1994; and Garr‹, Virginia, Macro
y micro elementos de la Maca, Mimeo,
Lima, 1999.
TABLE 2. Vitamins
Vitamins |
mg |
| B1 Thiamine |
0.20 |
| B2 Riboflavin |
0.35 |
| C |
10.00 |
| E |
87.00 |
Source: B1 and B2 from Chac‹n, Gloria,
La importancia deLepidiumPeruvianum (Maca) en la alimentaci‹n
, y salud del ser humano, Lima, 1997; C and E from
Garr‹ Virginia, Op.Cit (1999).
TABLE
3. Amino Acids
| Amino
acids |
mg concentration/g protein |
| Aspartic acid |
91.7 |
| Glutanic acid
|
156. 5 |
| Serine |
50.4 |
| Histidine |
21.9 |
| Glycine |
68.3 |
| Threonine
|
33.1 |
| Cystine |
n/d |
| Alanie |
63.1 |
| Arginine |
99.4 |
| Tyrosine |
30.6 |
| Phenylalanine |
55.3 |
| Valine |
79.3 |
| Methionine |
28.0 |
| Isoleucine |
47.4 |
| Leucine |
91.0 |
| Lysine |
54.3 |
| Tryptophan |
n/d |
| H.O. Proline |
26.0 |
| Proline
|
0.5 |
| Sarcosine |
0.7 |
Source: data
taken from D. Din , O Migliolo, L. Ratrelli,
P. Saturnino, O. Schettino, ¿Chemical
Composition of Lepidium meyeniiî
in Food Chemistry, 49,
USA, 1994,
TABLE 4.
Sterols (as steryl acetate derivatives)
Sterol |
%
of Sterol mixture |
Retention time (min.) |
Brassicasteryl
acetate |
9.1 |
22.4 |
Ergosteryl
acetate |
13.6 |
23.8 |
Campesteryl
acetate |
27.3 |
25.0 |
Ergostadientyl
acetate |
4.5 |
27.5 |
Sitosteryl
acetate |
45.5 |
19.5 |
Source: table taken from A. Dini, G. Migliuolo and others, Op. cit. 1994.
TABLE 5.
Fatty Acids (as methyl ester derivatives)
| Fatty
acids |
% of methyl
ester mixture |
| Dodecanoic (lauric) |
0.8 |
| 7-tridecenoic |
0.3 |
| Tridecanoic |
0.1 |
| Tetradecanoic (myristic0 |
1.4 |
| 7-pentadecenoic |
0.5 |
| Pentadecanoic |
1.1 |
| 9-esadecenoic (palmitolete) |
2.7 |
| Esadecanoic (palmitic) |
23.8 |
| 9-heptadecenoic |
1.5 |
| Heptadecanoic |
1.8 |
| 9,12 octadecadienoic (linoliec) |
12.6 |
| 9-octadecenoic (oleic) |
11.1 |
| Octadecanoic (stearic) |
6.7 |
| 11- nonadecanoic |
1.3 |
| Nonadecanoic |
0.4 |
| 15-eicosenoic |
2.3 |
| Eicosanoic (archidie) |
1.6 |
| Docosanoic (behenic) |
2.0 |
| 15 tetracosenoic (nervonic) |
0.4 |
| Tetracosanic (lignoceric) |
0.4 |
| Fatty acid saturated (%) |
40.1 |
| Unsaturated (%) |
52.7 |
| Saturated/unsaturated ratio |
0.76 |
Source: data from A. Dini, G. Migliuolo, L. Rastrelli, other, Op. Cit, (1994)
TABLE 6. Minerals (mg/100g)
| Minerals |
mg/100g |
| Fe
Ferric=Iron |
16.6 |
| Mn
Manganese |
0.8 |
| Cu
Copper |
5.9 |
| Zn
Zinc |
3.8 |
| Na
Sodium |
18.7 |
| K
Potassium |
2,050.0 |
| Ca
Calcium |
150.0 |
Source: data from A. Dini, G. Migliuolo and others
Op. cit, (1994)
_________________________________________________________ 
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Maca
Live™ is not recommended for women
on birth control.
We cannot
guarantee that you will not get pregnant.
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